Disaster management aims to reduce catastrophic losses of disasters. Geographic information technologies support disaster management activities for effective and collaborative data management considering the complex nature of disasters. This study with an original conceptual approach aims to develop interoperable geographic data model and analysis tools to manage geographic data sets coming from different sources.

Availability of clean water and adequate sanitation facilities are of prime importance for limiting diarrheal diseases. We examined the spatial information on the groundwater quality and sanitation facilities of a village in southern India using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. Place of residence, position of wells and latrines were mapped and well water samples were tested for microbial contamination (Total Coliform Counts (TCC), Fecal Coliform Counts (FCC) and Fecal Streptococcal Counts (FSC)).

The international watershed codification system for the Indian River basin is proposed for the better water resource management & monitoring, river basin planning, innovative research in hydrology, and sustainable water resource development. Based on natural system, the sub-continent largest transboundary to mini-watershed boundaries have been delineated from SRTM, ASTER, & CARTOSAT DEM data.

Punjab being a major agricultural state of India produces main crops such as paddy, wheat, pulses, barley, cotton, maize, arhar, mustard, rapeseed, sesamum, sugarcane and ground nut. Presently about half of the crop residue is being utilized for local needs like food for animals, home fuel and thatching materials. Remaining crop residue is being burnt in the field causing national energy loss, environment pollution and decreasing the land fertility. The annual production of total crop residue is 29.46 MT and total unused crop residue as 14.53 MT.

Air quality is an important subject of relevance in the context of present times because air is the prime resource for sustenance of life especially human health position. Then with the aid of vast sums of data about ambient air quality is generated to know the character of air environment by utilizing technological advancements to know how well or bad the air is. This report supplies a reliable method in assessing the Air Quality Index (AQI) by using fuzzy logic. The fuzzy logic model is designed to predict Air Quality Index (AQI) that report monthly air qualities.

The study indicates that analysis of morphometric parameters with the help of geographic information system (GIS) would prove a viable method of characterizing
the hydrological response behaviour of the watershed. It is also well observed that remote sensing satellite data is emerging as the most effective, time saving and accurate
technique for morphometric analysis of a basin.