To understand the impact of firework-burning (FW) particles on air quality and human health during the winter haze period, 39 elements, 10 water-soluble ions and 8 fractions of carbonaceous species in atmospheric PM2.5 in Nanjing were investigated during the 2014 Chinese Spring Festival (SF). Serious regional haze pollution
persisted throughout the entire sampling period, with PM2.5 averaging at 113 ± 69 µg m−3 and visibility at 4.8 ± 3.2 km. The holiday effect led to almost all the chemical species decreasing during the SF, except for Al, K, Ba and Sr which were related to FW.

While previous research helped to identify and prioritize the sources of error in air quality modeling due to anthropogenic emissions and spatial scale effects our knowledge
is limited on how these uncertainties affect climate forced air-quality assessments. Using as reference a 10 yr model simulation over the greater Paris (France) area at 4 km resolution and anthropogenic emissions from a 1 km resolution bottom-up inventory, through several tests we estimate the sensitivity of modeled ozone and PM2.5