SFD Phase III initiative focuses on scaling up of Shit Flow Diagram approach to bridge the existing gap in availability of data for monitoring safely managed sanitation (SDG 6.2) and improve citywide sanitation planning and effective sanitation investments in urban areas.

This research focuses on the delivery of water and sanitation by municipalities in South Africa. The overall purpose of the assignment is to provide informed recommendations to improve municipal water and sanitation services through systems strengthening interventions and approaches.

This paper identifies and analyses a diverse sample of 52 intermediaries active in deploying one or more key functions across the investment value chain for 3 specific sub-sectors: utilities, small scale water and sanitation service providers and nature-based solutions.

WHO, UNDP, UNEP and UNICEF have partnered to create a new compendium of 500 actions aimed at reducing death and diseases driven by environmental risk factors, the first such resource to unite this expertise from across the UN system.

The present report is based on the results of the State Sample of 76th National Sample Survey on ‘Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition’. This survey was carried out by this Directorate during July 2018 - December 2018. The survey on housing condition was aimed to portray several aspects of housing condition.

In Asia, where rapid urbanization is occurring, inadequate water and sanitation services are a problem due to insufficient investment. Asia’s urbanization rate has risen from 32.8% in 1991 to 51.1% in 2020, and more than half of the world’s urban population already lives in Asia.