The prevalence of diabetes has been shown to be socially patterned but the direction of the association in low-income countries and among migrant populations in Europe has varied in the literature. This study examined the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and diabetes in Ghanaians in Europe and in Ghana.

Original Source

In performance-based seismic design, ground-motion time histories are needed for analyzing dynamic responses of nonlinear structural systems. However, the number of strong-motion data at design level is often limited. In order to analyze seismic performance of structures, ground-motion time histories need to be either selected from recorded strong-motion database, or numerically simulated using stochastic approaches.

The health of honey bee colonies cannot be understood apart from the landscapes in which they live. Urban and agricultural developments are two of the most dramatic and widespread forms of human land use, but their respective effects on honey bees remain poorly understood. Here, we evaluate the relative attractiveness of urban and agricultural land use to honey bees by conducting a foraging choice test.

Emergency responders often have to operate and respond to emergency situations during dynamic weather conditions, including floods. This paper demonstrates a novel method using existing tools and datasets to evaluate emergency responder accessibility during flood events within the city of Leicester, UK.

Original Source

A study conducted among 10 Indian metro cities investigates the impact of municipal solid waste and animal birth control programme on stray dog population and its menaces. Its results show statistically strong and positive linkages among the variables such as human population, municipal solid waste, per capita solid waste, food waste, dog population and dogs per capita. People's general awareness and the efforts of municipalities are inadequate to control the dog menace.

Massive slums have become major features of cities in many low-income and middle-income countries. Here, in the fi rst in a Series of two papers, we discuss why slums are unhealthy places with especially high risks of infection and injury. We show that children are especially vulnerable, and that the combination of malnutrition and recurrent diarrhoea leads to stunted growth and longer-term eff ects on cognitive development. We fi nd that the scientifi c literature on slum health is underdeveloped in comparison to urban health, and poverty and health.

Sustainable development of Indian cities is an essential pre-requisite for India to establish itself as a major economic power. Smart cities dwell on energyefficient urban centres. The National Action Plan on Climate Change and the recently formulated plan for Smart Cities emphasize the need for energy efficiency. However, inadequate domestic finance and lack of public support impose sizeable constraints. (Scientific Correspondence)