This guide provides a wide array of tools and examples on how synergies in the implementation of the UNFCCC and the CBD can be achieved through reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD). It highlights that while REDD: is foremost a mitigation strategy; it can provide significant adaptation benefits for societies as well; and calls for ecosystem-based adaptation measures that provide multiple benefits. The guide further highlights the role of indigenous and local communities, as well as community and small and medium forest enterprises, as partners and beneficiaries of REDD efforts. It suggests that forest conservation should be the management objective of REDD activities in primary forests, while SFM and forest restoration should be objectives in modified natural forests.