In the Himalayan states of India, with increasing population and activities, large areas of forested land are being converted into other land-use features. There is a definite cause and effect relationship between changing practice for development and changes in land use. So, an estimation of land use dynamics and a futuristic trend pattern is essential. A combination of geospatial and statistical techniques were applied to assess the present and future land use/land cover scenario of Gangtok, the subHimalayan capital of Sikkim. Multi-temporal satellite imageries of the Landsat series were used to map the changes in land use of Gangtok from 1990 to 2010. Only three major land use classes (built-up area and bare land, step cultivated area, and forest) were considered as the most dynamic land use practices of Gangtok. The conventional supervised classification, and spectral indices-based thresholding using NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) were applied along with the accuracy assessments. Markov modelling was applied for prediction of land use/land cover change and was validated. SAVI provides the most accurate estimate, i.e., the difference between predicted and actual data is minimal. Finally, a combination of Markov modelling and SAVI was used to predict the probable land-use scenario in Gangtok in 2020 AD, which indicted that more forest areas will be converted for step cultivation by the year 2020.
Links:
[1] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/feature-article/forest-cover-change-prediction-using-hybrid-methodology-geoinformatics-and-markov
[2] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/author/anirban-mukhopadhyay
[3] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/author/arun-mondal
[4] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/author/sandip-mukherjee-et-al
[5] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/journal/journal-earth-system-science
[6] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/forests
[7] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/gangtok
[8] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/remote-sensing
[9] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/land-use
[10] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/agriculture
[11] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/terrace-cultivation