All in all project tiger faces a new set of serious problems. Project tiger saved the tiger from extinction in the nick of time but over 20 years it is clear that expanding human populations, a new way of life based on alien models, and the resultant effect on natural resources has created fresh problems that indicate danger for the tiger. Militancy and poaching only add fuel to the fire. This is a serious and critical moment in the history of tiger conservation. In this review an attempt is being made to look into all the tiger reserve dispassionately, identify the major problems and make a determined and fresh effort to ensure the future of the tiger.