Colonial cinnabar mining and refining began in Huancavelica, Peru, in 1564. With a local source of mercury, the amalgamation process was adopted to refine silver in PotosÃ, Bolivia, in the early 1570s. As a result, large quantities of mercury were released into the environment.
Original Source [2]
Links:
[1] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/feature-article/mercury-production-and-use-colonial-andean-silver-production-emissions-and-health
[2] http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1104192/
[3] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/author/nicholas-robins
[4] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/author/nicole-hagan
[5] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/journal/environmental-health-perspectives
[6] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/mercury
[7] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/mining
[8] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/peru
[9] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/bolivia
[10] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/air-pollution
[11] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/health-effects
[12] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/south-america
[13] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/industrial-pollution