This research focuses on the delivery of water and sanitation by municipalities in South Africa. The overall purpose of the assignment is to provide informed recommendations to improve municipal water and sanitation services through systems strengthening interventions and approaches. An analysis of the relative efficacy of different strategies and programmes employed to strengthen or revitalise the municipal delivery of basic services should provide useful insights into the constraints prevalent within the wider basic services ecosystem. The aim of such an analysis is to identify binding constraints on municipal service delivery and distil implications and lessons from an analysis of how and why institutional capacity building efforts to date have had a limited effect.
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