The incidence of food allergies in western countries has increased dramatically in recent decades. Tolerance to food antigens relies on mucosal CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs), which promote differentiation of regulatory T (Treg) cells. We show that high-fiber feeding in mice improved oral tolerance and protected from food allergy. High-fiber feeding reshaped gut microbial ecology and increased the release of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly acetate and butyrate. High-fiber feeding enhanced oral tolerance and protected against food allergy by enhancing retinal dehydrogenase activity in CD103+ DC. This protection depended on vitamin A in the diet. This feeding regimen also boosted IgA production and enhanced T follicular helper and mucosal germinal center responses. Mice lacking GPR43 or GPR109A, receptors for SCFAs, showed exacerbated food allergy and fewer CD103+ DCs. Dietary elements, including fiber and vitamin A, therefore regulate numerous protective pathways in the gastrointestinal tract, necessary for immune non-responsiveness to food antigens.
Original Source [2]
Links:
[1] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/feature-article/dietary-fiber-and-bacterial-scfa-enhance-oral-tolerance-and-protect-against-food
[2] http://www.cell.com/cell-reports/pdfExtended/S2211-1247(16)30630-1
[3] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/author/jian-tan
[4] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/author/craig-mckenzie
[5] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/author/peter-j-vuillermin-et-al
[6] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/journal/cell-reports
[7] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/micro-organisms
[8] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/health
[9] http://admin.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/research