The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) China and Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences (CAFS) of the Ministry of Finance, supported by the China International Centre for Economic and Technical Exchanges (CICETE) launched the Report on Sustainable Financing for Poverty Alleviation in China. The report – as a first systematic attempt - contributes information on financial landscape for poverty alleviation in China as well as its effectiveness in practice. The report presents China’s overall and staged poverty alleviation progress and the role of financing over time. It identifies four main types of financing; namely fiscal, credit, social and international funds, which comply with China’s major poverty reduction approaches. The report showcases five case studies that feature a variety of innovative financing mechanisms, including incentives and risk control measures. Meanwhile, challenges and prospects are outlined for China’s poverty financing in the context of social-economic changes. The report intends to propose recommendations to help reinforce China’s financing efforts for poverty reduction in a sustainable way.