This document is a summary of a report, published by Greenpeace Germany, bringing together research generated from many studies demonstrating there are short-term and long-term health problems associated with exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitric oxide (NO). Studies have shown there are both short and long term health problems associated with exposure to NO₂. Short term increases in concentration levels of NO₂ can be expected to result in increased hospital admissions related to respiratory diseases, more emergency interventions for cardiovascular and respiratory problems and more disease-related death. In the long term, mortality is higher in areas with higher NO₂ exposure.