This framework provides insights into some of these questions. It categorises existing research, knowledge and best practices and outlines the necessary building blocks for planning, implementing, and monitoring improvement in the HIV response among men and boys within a broader gender equality framework. The framework is an evidence-based action road map to guide the development of national strategies; when contextualized to local and national contexts and epidemiological situations, the framework provides a foundation for country-led movements to achieve the globally agreed HIV goals in the Global AIDS Strategy 2021–2026 and work towards achieving gender equality.