Women spend much more time working than men in virtually every society for which time use studies are available, according to the United Nations Human Development Report, 1998. This includes both paid and unpaid work. The disparities are particularly marked in rural areas of developing countries, where the environment in many cases is degraded. In these areas women's work burden is significantly greater than that of men. In most industrialised countries the disparity is less. In rural Tanzania, able-bodied women carry about eight times the burden carried by men. Women in these areas spend about four times as much time walking as men.