CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
In force December 29, 1993, Ratified by 175 countries
The convention The Convention on Biological Diversity ( cbd ) recognises the rights of countries on their genetic resources. It emphasises

- the conservation of biodiversity

- its sustainable use

- fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of its use

- the preservation of knowledge and practices of indigenous communities.
Mercenary minefield The us , a key Northern player, had wanted a purely conservationist treaty. President George Bush refused to sign the cbd at the 1992 Rio Summit and rejected the cbd treaty on the grounds that it made too many concessions to the South. The powerful us industry felt it was "highway robbery that a Third World country should have the right to a protected invention simply because it supplied a bug or a plant or an animal in the first place'.

Despite not having ratified the convention as yet, the us continues to dictate terms and influence cbd proceedings by proxy through countries such as Australia, Canada and the uk . Most recently, it tried to sabotage a protocol on biosafety to regulate trade in genetically modified organisms ( gmo s) with a liability clause in case of any accidents. The us