Mismanagement of waste and wastewater is a key reason behind the continuing environmental pollution and degrading livelihoods across the developing countries of South Asia such as Sri Lanka. Recovering nutrients and energy from waste and wastewater streams can not only address the challenging waste and wastewater management problems but also considerably substitute the imports of chemical fertilizers and fossil fuels. Considering these environmental and economic benefits of waste and wastewater recycling, this study aims at assessing investment climate for a broader implementation of recycling technologies such as composting, biogas generation, and electricity production through incineration process. For this purpose, a wide range of methods were implemented including a detailed review of scientific literature, laws and reports by governmental
agencies, as well as key informant interviews and focus group discussions. For assessing technical potential of recovering nutrients from waste streams a simulation model was applied.