The main challenges the new NMP-2013 seeks to address revolve around the following five broad themes: Increasing the economic contribution of mining sector to Pakistan’s economy through more private investment; Being competitive for scarce and mobile international capital for investment in the mining sector through a stable and enabling environment Ensuring smooth operational and effective coordination between Federal and Provincial institutions in the implementation of the regulatory and legislative regime for the mining sector; Ensuring that exploration, development and production of Pakistan’s mineral resources are environmentally sustainable; and Encouraging small scale mining and local private participation in the development of the sector. NMP-2013 seeks to provide the basis for addressing these and other challenges, as well as responding to important government priorities and commitments. For example, policy provisions to cater for research development enhancement, human resource development, promotion and marketing are included in NMP-2013.