The National Institute of Transforming India (“NITI”) Aayog, Government of India, has taken an initiative to provide a Model Concession Agreement (MCA) document for introducing Electric-Bus Fleet in Cities for Public Transportation on Public-Private Partnership (PPP) mode on Operational Expenditure (per km basis) Model. The said model document has been developed based on international best practices, and with view of providing cleaner, more efficient and affordable public transportation. The objective is to provide O&M efficiency of city bus fleet for the authority, while ensuring bankability of the project for the private sector. The concessionaire shall be required to incur the necessary capex for procurement of the e-buses and O&M infrastructure, while the authority shall incur operational expenditure on per kilometre basis. [2]