The 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) is the fourth nationally representative comprehensive survey conducted as part of the worldwide Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) project in the country. The principal objective of the 2011 NDHS is to provide current and reliable data on fertility and family planning, child mortality, maternal and adult mortality, children’s nutritional status, the utilization of maternal and child health services, domestic violence, and knowledge of HIV/AIDS. The 2011 NDHS also provides population-based information on the prevalence of anemia among women age 15-49 and children age 6-59 months. Information from the survey is essential for informed policy decisions, planning, and monitoring and evaluation of programs on health in general and reproductive health in particular at both the national and district levels.