A groundswell of opposition is brewing against studies claiming that a wide range of behaviour patterns like criminality, alcoholism, schizophrenia, homosexuality and manic depression are genetically determined. Garland Allen, professor of the Washington University in Missouri, usa, debunked these theories. He told the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Atlanta, Georgia, that such studies were "woefully flawed" distractions from the environmental and social factors behind such behaviour.