As Eswatini’s population density and rate of urbanization are rising, waste generation is increasing at an escalating rate. In the future, waste management is expected to become even more challenging and expensive for the government, local authorities and urban residents. There is an urgent need to review and strengthen the existing institutional and infrastructural capabilities of Eswatini in order to achieve sustainable solid waste management based on resource conservation and circular economy principles. This study is a step in that direction.