At the heart of the original vision for extended producer responsibility (EPR) was the desire for a policy strategy that could provide ongoing incentives for the incorporation of environmental concerns into the design of products. If producers were made responsible for end-of-life management (i.e., reuse, recycling, energy recovery, treatment, and/or final disposal) of products, they would find it in their self-interest to anticipate end-of-life costs and obligations and design their products to minimize those costs.