With growing concerns about India’s energy security and climate change, the importance of improving the energy efficiency (EE) of the economy is being realized by Indian policy makers, and significant efforts are being made to enhance EE in the country. Yet progress in EE implementation has been slow compared to its potential and benefits. Internationally as well as domestically, EE policies have been undergoing major changes in order to facilitate rapid implementation of EE. This paper, with a focus on the electricity sector, is an attempt to enhance the discourse on the required transformation of EE policies in India.