This policy report explores avenues to strengthen the resilience to growing climate risks and environmental degradation for people living in places affected by conflict and violence, based on case studies conducted in the Gaza Strip, northern Mozambique and eastern Niger, and drawing on the expertise of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the scientific literature on the subject. Countries enduring armed conflict and violence are particularly vulnerable to growing climate and environmental risks because the adaptive capacity of people, systems and institutions already coping with the consequences of conflict tends to be limited.