Lakes are usually an integral part of a drainage basin. Lakes are either fresh water or salt water lakes. Kolleru lake is the largest freshwater lake in South India. Various physical and chemical inputs manifested through the hydrology of the catchment area will affect the quality and quantity of lake water. In the present study, an attempt was made to analyse the physical and chemical load of Kolleru lake, Upputeru river and Enamaduru drain joining into Upputeru. Emphasis was laid on studying some of the important chemical parameters, which are deemed to influence and have adverse impact on the biota of the lake. In author's opinion, this study is the first of its kind covering quality aspects of this fragile Kolleru lake, Upputeru river and Enamaduru drain.