This publication analyzes the performance of two states in India— Karnataka and Tamil Nadu— in their efforts toward installing solar and wind energy. It attempts to distill the reasons for their success, albeit in two very different renewable energy programs. It covers the major initiatives taken by the country in the form of policy and regulations including the formation of a full-fledged Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. The report focuses on lessons learned from these states so that a supportive environment can be created in other states to promote and adopt renewables-based power. The report also covers specific recommendations to create such an environment. Apart from the program and policy dimensions, the report deals in detail with the Indian solar industry and carries out an assessment of solar technology from the point of view of their applications in the country.