Illegal mining and theft of coal in India has become a wide spread phenomenon in the coal bearing states, particularly in CCL, BCCL & ECL lease hold areas. Illegal mining can be defined as mining carried out in contravention of any of the provisions of the applicable Acts, rules & orders. India‘s largest state-owned producer of coal—Coal India Ltd (CIL) has taken several steps for enhancing the country‘s coal production and bridging the demand supply mismatch. This is the eleventh report of the Standing Committee on Coal and Steel on the subject “prevention of illegal coal mining and theft” relating to the Ministry of Coal.