Solar water pumps (SWPs) are a clean, modern irrigation solution that have the potential to improve livelihoods and food security for smallholder farmers across Sub-Saharan Africa. As small-scale SWPs become more affordable, this market is poised for growth. This study was undertaken to assess the potential risks to groundwater availability over the next decade and makes recommendations on how national governments and key solar and agricultural industry stakeholders can maintain groundwater use within sustainable limits.