Tanzania , home to some of the fastest-growing urban centres in East Africa, produces 12–17 million tonnes of solid waste every year. Only 50 per cent of this is collected and sent to dumpsites. The focus on waste processing is low, while disposal of waste is common. The problems with regard to waste management are similar at the national, city and town council levels. This report analyses of the challenges that Tanzania faces, and the opportunities it has, to come up with strong waste management enforcement and legislative changes that are vital to improving the sanitation and health of the country.