As per Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998, every health care facility generating BMW needs to set up requisite BMW treatment systems on site or ensure requisite treatment of waste at common treatment facility. An attempt has been made to critically assess the current biomedical waste management practices followed by some Armed Force Hospitals.

Contamination of aquatic resources by a variety of heavy metals is of growing concern because of health risk posed by the exposure to flora and fauna as well as human being. The vast majority of toxic metals are the waste products/by products of industrial and metallurgical processes. Other possible sources include the effluent from electroplating, storage battery manufacturing industries, tanneries, municipal sludges, extractive metallurgy processes, and metal finishing operations contains high amount of dissolved metals and the concentration reaches to a significant range.