Hill agriculture in India is confronted with the problem of uneven topography, soil erosion, small landholdings, inaccessibility with poor road infrastructure and opportunities of fertile land, high and dependable precipitation in the form of rain, snow and an agriculture friendly climate that can be the best bet for the development of watershed development programmes on a large scale.

Groundwater plays a critical role in the agricultural economy of Gujarat state. The lack of surface water resources has put more pressure on groundwater to meet both agriculture as well as industrial and domestic sector demand. More than 90 per cent of the total irrigated area is covered through groundwater source in the region. The groundwater development in the region has taken place in an exponential manner. There is heavy overdraft, exceeding the annual rechargeable capacity in some areas.