Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant renewable resource on earth. Lignocellulosic materials, including wood, grass, forest residues, agricultural residues, pulp and paper mill wastes, and municipal solid wastes can be used for bioethanol production. Among these resources, agricultural residues, such as sugarcane bagasse, dominate in terms of tonnage and can serve as feedstock. Sugarcane bagasse is plentiful in tropical and sub-tropical regions such as Brazil, India, Thailand, Hawaii, and the southern USA.