Building on recent reviews on climate change impacts on freshwater resources and adaptation strategies, this technical paper analyses existing scientific information on observed and projected impacts of climate change on water, provides information on links between climate change and freshwater resources and on adaptation to climate change in the water sector. Parties may wish to use the information contained in this technical paper as they consider implementing adaptation action under the Convention, including in the work under the Nairobi work programme on impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change.