Blackouts and Backsliding presents the latest energy subsidy data for South Africa. South Africa's fossil fuel subsidies tripled between FY 2018 and FY 2023, from ZAR 39 billion (USD 2.9 billion) in FY 2018 to ZAR 118 billion (USD 7.5 billion) in FY 2023. The largest share of fossil fuel subsidies in South Africa in FY 2023 went to oil and gas consumption, carbon tax exemptions, and the electricity sector.