While the use of electric two-wheelers has increased in the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the past decade, such unparalleled growth has not extended beyond the PRC's borders to countries, such as India and Viet Nam, where environmentally detrimental gasoline motorcycles dominate. This report documents market conditions in Ahmedabad, India, and Ha Noi, Viet Nam, to explain why this is so, and analyzes the potential environmental impact of electric two-wheelers to show how they could chart a path toward sustainable transport in these and other countries in the region.