A flood may cause innumerable problems such as loss of agricultural produce, water logging, erosion of land, health hazards and loss of human lives. Heavy rain causes flood. Inadequate rain causes drought. In other words, flood occurred when drainage facility is not able to drain out the supply of water due to heavy rain. To meet the challenges posed by the flood, Government of India has taken up a number of projects on flood control, drainage and anti-erosion of land including flood forecasting. The large water reservoirs were developed under Major and Medium Multipurpose projects also help in containing the flood havoc in a big way. However, this publication does not include expenditure incurred on reservoirs although they play an important role in flood control. It focuses on the projects exclusively planned for flood control.