Hardrock mining - the extraction of minerals such as gold, silver, lead, copper and uranium from the earth is practiced in a manner inherently threatening to human health. Several studies have addressed work-related illnesses suffered by hardrock miners. Yet relatively few studies have looked at hardrock mining's greater ecological effects and its effects on people living near, downstream or downwind from mines. The goal of this report is to begin to address the gap in scientific study and public information regarding risks for people living near modern mines. In doing so, it seeks to raise awareness of the importance and urgency of the issues and to catalyze further investigation.