The conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in tropical production forests is not just a technical task for forest managers. It requires that biodiversity concerns be addressed in national level planning and policymaking, at the stage of allocating forests to conservation, production and conversion, and during management planning and field implementation. This publication, which offers a complete revision and updating of the original Biodiversity Guidelines published by the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) in 1993, sets out the specific actions that policymakers, forest managers and other stakeholders should take to improve biodiversity conservation in tropical production forests.