The state of Kerala is committed to sustainability, with aims to attain net-zero emissions by 2050 and meet 100% of its energy requirements though renewable energy (RE) sources by 2040. However, currently the state’s internal power generation meets only 30-35% of its energy requirements, while the rest is supplied by imports, predominantly sourced from coal-based resources. This scenario emphasises the need for understanding the state's energy dynamics and developing an actionable plan to reduce the dependence on thermal imports and enable a smooth RE transition. In this context, the Center for Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP) conducted a study to devise an energy transition roadmap till financial year (FY) 2040 for the state. The roadmap will help the state in making informed decisions on RE transition—in compliance with the renewable purchase obligations (RPO) notified by the Ministry of Power (MoP)—to diversify its energy mix, reduce dependency on external sources, and build a more sustainable and resilient energy system.