Measures to mitigate climate change are defined as any human (anthropogenic) intervention that can either reduce the sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (abatement) or enhance their sinks (sequestration). This module has been developed to assist Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention (non-Annex I Parties) in preparing the mitigation section of their national communications to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It provides the reader with an overview of mitigation in the context of climate change, sustainable development and the framework of the UNFCCC. The module on measures to mitigate climate change is one of four that will ultimately comprise a complete UNFCCC Resource Guide for preparing the national communications of non-Annex I Parties.