Agriculture plays a significant role in the Indian economy. Food production in India has increased from 51 MT in 1950-51 to 204.6 MT in 2004. While Green Revolution has been one of the greatest success stories of India with its dramatic impact on food security, environmental concerns have been growing rapidly all over the world. Efforts are now on to fight environmental threats which adversely affect food security. Inspite of several dimensions of the problem, no attempt so far seems to have been made to analyze all these aspects of agriculture in relation to environment. A wealth of information is now available on each of the different components causing environmental degradation and several strategies to minimize or manage have also been suggested. The authors, therefore, conceived this publication in which all related issues have been discussed in 5 different sections.