Forests have been the key element in maintaining sustainability of many global phenomena. Human dependency on forests is both necessary and unavoidable and hence degradation of this natural resource is inevitable. The study aims to understand the change dynamics over past few decades in the Shimla district, using remote sensing and GIS based techniques.

A field experiment was conducted in Allahabad District of Uttar Pradesh to test the possibility of utilizing fly ash, in afforestation of sodic soil with Albizia procera, as a substitute of fertilizers and amendments. Fly ash proved to be a good substitute of rice husk, was superior. Similarly the treatments where fertilizer was replaced with fly ash have also shown better performance of plant.