The hydrology of the Ganga River is mainly characterized by high monsoon rainfall and seasonal variability in discharge flow. The study is focuses on both the up and down-streams of Farakka barrage. It has been executed with the help of Modified Normalized Difference Water Index using Landsat satellite images (2014), satellite based discharge data and Gumbel’s flood frequency analysis. The study aims to analyse the impacts of seasonality, floods and the construction of Farakka barrage on hydrology of the Ganga River.

Soil erosion is a world-wide challenge for sustainability of agriculture especially in the tropical region. The rates of soil erosion that exceed the generation of new topsoil are a dynamic process which leads to decline in the soil productivity, low agricultural yield and income. The balance between soil-forming and depleting processes is of utmost importance for attaining long-term sustainability in any production system. Land degradation in the form of soil erosion is a major problem in the semi-arid region of Lower Chambal Valley.