In an extensive survey to Garhwal Himalaya and arid soil of western Rajasthan, twenty four leguminous nitrogen fixing species were identified including seven herbs, nine shrubs, four climbers and four tree species which were screened for nodulation and nitrogen fixation activity between 400-2100m altitudes.

Bambusa tulda (Deobans), a symbodial bamboo species, grows well in humid tropical and sub-tropical regions of the Indian sub continent. In India it is distributed naturally in the North and North-eastern parts of the country. It produces culms up to 10-15 m height and 4-8 cm dia. Flowering is reported generally after 25-30 years.