You talk about a paradigm shift in tribal affairs. What do you mean?
At the time of India's independence, tribal people in central India were seen as backward, superstitious, naive and poor. Even well meaning people concentrated on relief and improving their physical conditions.

After 1947, the so-called mainstream had a more intensive contact with the tribal society. It was found that some tribal societies were sceptical of the relief/welfare measures. The focus shifted to development, protection and participation. There was an assimilative approach to