Climate change is emerging as a new challenge that governments have to address effectively. Mountain regions are facing accelerating climate change, thereby adversely impacting ecosystems services, biodiversity elements and livelihood security. Mountain ecosystems due to their sensitive and fragile nature act as a laboratory where the impacts of climate change get amplified and can be studied closely and understood better. Impacts on mountain ecosystems are diverse and include receding glaciers, reduced snowfall, frequent natural hazards, higher surface runoff and soil erosion and declining lean season base-flow of rivers, streams and springs. Also, livelihood security gets compromised due to reduced productivity, water shortage, increased pest attacks, weed infestation and depredation by wildlife. This report contains articles detailing the patterns of climate change, signals and indications, impacts on livelihoods, ecosystems and biodiversity and vulnerability and adaptation experiments.