This paper was prepared as part of background research for the Economic and Social Survey for Asia and the Pacific 2022. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of inclusive and resilient growth and the role of fiscal policy in ensuring a better outcome. This policy brief examines the relationship between income inequality and government expenditures on education, health, housing and social protection in the Asia-Pacific region. It draws policy lessons for making public social spending a more potent tool for promoting inclusive growth.