In 2020, the fifth year since the adoption of the Paris Agreement, the 191 countries that ratified the Agreement were required to submit their second Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). This factsheet analyses the status of the commitments for 2030, made by seven entities—China, US, the European Union (EU-27), India, Russia, Japan, and the UK—which comprised 66 per cent of the global CO2 emissions in 2019.