Watershed: A New Era of Water Governance in China represents a turning point, providing a practical set of recommendations to inform Government’s ongoing institutional reforms related to water management in the era of an ecological civilization. By providing a comprehensive overview of the key challenges and a systematic evaluation of the current context of water management, it provides a practical set of tools and policy recommendations to further enhance water governance in China. China’s experience in managing the development of water resources in the face of scarcity also provides important lessons for other economies and informing efforts to address global around water risks to economic progress, poverty eradication, and sustainable development.