The endemic of chronic renal failure (CRF) emerged in 2002 in the farming provinces of Sri Lanka. An estimate of dietary cadmium intake was between 15 and 28 microg/kg body weight per week. The mean urinary cadmium in patients diagnosed with stage 5 kidney failure was 7.6 microg/g creatinine and 11.6 microg/g for asymptomatic persons.

Chronic renal failure (CRF), in the main agricultural region under reservoir based cascade irrigation in Sri Lanka has reached crisis proportion. Over 5,000 patients in the region are under treatment for CRF. The objective of this study is to establish the etiology of the CRF.

Pest and pest management by vegetable growers were evaluated by interviewing and close monitoring of randomly selected 204 farmers over a period of one and half years.  Two villages selected namely Kolabissa and Marassana located about 45 km from Peradeniya, practiced intensive mixed cropping of vegetables,  Study showd that 95.6% of the farmers were literate.  Many of the farmer